- Carbohydrates:
- Function: Provide energy and
structural support.
- Structure: Composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen, generally in a ratio of 1:2:1.
- Examples: Glucose, starch,
cellulose.
Our bodies use nutrients to perform essential functions like providing energy, building and repairing tissues, regulating processes like metabolism, and more. Nutrients are typically broken into two main categories: macronutrients and micronutrients.
- Proteins:
- Function: Serve as enzymes,
structural components, signaling molecules, and more.
- Structure: Made of amino acids
linked by peptide bonds, forming polypeptide chains.
- Examples: Hemoglobin, enzymes,
antibodies.
- Lipids:
- Function: Store energy,
insulate, and compose cell membranes.
- Structure: Generally consists of
long hydrocarbon chains or rings; not typically polymers.
- Examples: Fats, oils,
phospholipids, steroids.
- Nucleic Acids:
- Function: Store and transmit
genetic information.
- Structure: Made of nucleotide
monomers, each consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous
base.
- Examples: DNA, RNA.
No comments:
Post a Comment